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DWT 099 - Review for College Writing (Metzger)

The CRAAP Test

The acronym CRAAP is one way to remember some of the factors to think about when evaluating a Web page (or other resource):

C = Currency

R = Relevance

A = Authority

A = Accuracy

P = Purpose

Currency: The timeliness of the Web page. If relevant, when was the information gathered? When was it posted? When was it last revised? Are links functional and up-to-date? Is there evidence of newly added information or links?

Relevance/Coverage: The uniqueness of the content and its importance for your needs. What is the depth and breadth of the information presented? Is the information unique? Is it available elsewhere, in print or electronic format? Could you find the same or better information in another source? Who is the intended audience? Does the site provide the information you need? Your overall assessment is important. Would you be comfortable using this source for a research paper?

Authority: The source of the Web page. Who is the author/creator/sponsor? Are author's credentials listed? Is the author a teacher or student of the topic? Does the author have a reputation? Is there contact information, such as an e-mail address? Has the author published works in traditional formats? Is the author affiliated with an organization? Does this organization appear to support or sponsor the page? What does the domain name/URL reveal about the source of the information, if anything? Example: .com .edu .gov .org .net

Accuracy: The reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of the informational content. Where does the information come from? Are the original sources of information listed? Can you verify any of the information in independent sources or from your own knowledge? Has the information been reviewed or refereed? Does the language or tone seem biased? Are there spelling, grammar, or other typos?

Purpose: The presence of bias or prejudice/The reason the Web site exists. Are possible biases clearly stated? Is advertising content vs. informational content easily distinguishable? Are editorials clearly labeled? Is the purpose of the page stated? Is the purpose to: inform? teach? entertain? enlighten? sell? persuade? What does the domain name/URL reveal about the source of the information, if anything? Example: .com .edu .gov .org .net

*Modified version of CRAAP Test created by Meriam Library at California State University, Chico

Writing and editing Wikipedia articles

Wikipedia is a popular Internet destination for many users. However, many teachers, professors, librarians and other education professionals view Wikipedia as a bad source of information. Why?

  • Authorship of Wikipedia pages is anonymous
    • This means the qualifications of the author is unknown
      • The author could be an eighth grader
      • a college student
      • researcher
  • A Wikipedia entry can be edited by anyone at anytime
    • This means incorrect information could be substituted for correct information
    • Some topics are victims of "edit wars"
    • Persons with an agenda or grudge can hijack or vandalize a Wikipedia entry
    • Information you found in an entry may not be there when you go back the next time or ever again
  • Many Wikipedia entries do not include proof of their assertions
    • Meaning you can not verify the accuracy of the information 

There are ways to track changes to Wikipedia entries. You can view any changes made to an entry by viewing the revision history of an entry by clicking on the history tab on each entry in Wikipedia. For an example of this information take a look at the revision history of the American Civil War Wikipeda article. You also take a look at the revision history to specific segments of the article.