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Research 101

Don’t believe everything you find online!

Some web sources are educational, while others are persuasive, misinformed, or even intentionally misleading. But you can learn to do your own evaluation and tell the difference

Be sure to carefully assess online content such as websites, blogs, and social media for accuracy and bias. Unlike library resources, some online information doesn’t have a reliable process for fact-checking or editing. 

Is it fact or opinion?
It’s not always easy to tell the difference, but here are some clues…

Facts Opinions
Can be independently checked and verified Are beliefs or judgments about something
Based on research or observation that can be reproduced Based on personal perspective and experience
Universal; they are true for or apply to everyone Can vary from one person to the next
Come from credible sources on a topic Come from anyone & everyone
Both: 
Can be misused, misinterpreted, or taken out of context
Can be used to influence people and events
Can change based on new information

News Analysis & Data

The website AllSides.com presents news and analysis on trending topics from across the American political spectrum. They compare and contrast different versions of the same story, highlighting bias so you can form your own conclusions.

These sites are good sources of data and expert opinions related to current issues:

Fact Checking Sites

The 5 Ws of Website Evaluation

Ask yourself these questions when you come across a website. The answers will help you determine the reliability and currency of the information.

Who: Who wrote it?

  • If it’s an organization, is it a business, school, government agency or something else?
  • If an individual wrote it, is he or she an expert on the topic? Is a biography of the author included?

What: What kind of information does it have?

  • Does the information relate to your topic or help answer your question?
  • Is the site a personal blog, a commercial site with ads, an academic publication, or something else?

When: When was the information written or created? 

  • How current is the information?
  • When was it last updated? Can you find a date on the article or website?

Where: Where does the information come from?

  • Are sources quoted, named, and cited?
  • Does the web address indicate .edu, .com, .org, .gov or something else? This will help determine who, or what type of organization created the site.
  • Where can you look to find out more about the sponsor of the site?

Why: Why was the site created?

  • Is the intention or purpose of the site clearly stated, or can you infer what it might be?
  • What is the purpose of the site? Is it for entertainment, to persuade you, sell you something or inform you?
  • Why should you trust and use this information?